Trusklieve Tullig Fm


Google Earth image of Trusklieve slot in the cliffs exposing the Tullig Formation. North the right and the length of the slot is approximately 1000 ft or 300m. Ledges to west or top of image are site of many of the images, while others are of the walls of the cliffed margins of the slot. Slot in cliffs of Tullig Formation sands, and silts representing the mix of marine shales, distributary channels and fluvial facies (Andy Pulham personal communication and Martinsen et al., 2008). These sediments are Upper Carboniferous or Namurian in age. Cliffs of Tullig Formation formed by sands, and silts representing the mix of marine shales, distributary channels and fluvial facies (Andy Pulham personal communication and Martinsen et al., 2008). These sediments are Upper Carboniferous or Namurian in age. Grass covered modern slumping weathering sediment and hill creep overlying a cliffed edge of the Tullig Formation. Slot in cliffs of Tullig Formation sands, and silts representing the mix of marine shales, distributary channels and fluvial facies (Andy Pulham personal communication and Martinsen et al., 2008). These sediments are Upper Carboniferous or Namurian in age. Upper part of cliff exposes marine to freshwater bay sediments overlying well sorted and channeled sands of the delta front distributary mouth bars. In distance the lower part of cliff are Tullig Formation rythmic silts and mud with some sands of deeper water delta front. Sediments are of Upper Carboniferous or Namurian age. Top of cliff exposes well sorted and channeled sands of the delta front distributary mouth bars. In lower part of cliff are Tullig Formation rythmic silts and mud with some sands of deeper water delta front. Sediments are of Upper Carboniferous or Namurian age. Crest of cliff is exposure of Tullig Formation channel fill sands of Upper Carboniferous or Namurian. Channeling and sorting of the quartz rich character of the sands from the delta front reflect waves impinging on the delta front sands that filled distributary channels and/or proximal bar sands (Andy Pulham personal communication and Martinsen et al., 2008). Below are rhymically bedded silts and muds at and below wave base. Tullig Formation channel fill sands of Upper Carboniferous or Namurian age. Channeling and sorting of the quartz rich character of the sands of the delta front reflect waves impinging on the delta front sands that filled distributary channels and/or proximal bar sands (Andy Pulham personal communication and Martinsen et al., 2008). In forground are rhymically bedded silts and muds of marine bay fill, probably within wave base. Top of cliff exposes well sorted and channeled sands of the delta front distributary mouth bars. In lower part of cliff are Tullig Formation rythmic silts and mud with some sands of deeper water delta front. Sediments are of Upper Carboniferous or Namurian age. Top of cliff are rhythmically bedded silts and muds (Andy Pulham personal communication and Martinsen et al., 2008). Below are cross bedded sands of Tullig Formation of Upper Carboniferous or Namurian age. These are wave and current sorted delta front sands filling distributary channels and/or proximal bar sands (Andy Pulham personal communication and Martinsen et al., 2008). Top of cliff exposes well sorted and channeled sands of the delta front distributary mouth bars. In lower part of cliff are Tullig Formation rythmic silts and mud with some sands of deeper water delta front. Sediments are of Upper Carboniferous or Namurian age. Top of cliff exposes well sorted and channeled sands of the delta front distributary mouth bars. In lower part of cliff are Tullig Formation rythmic silts and mud with some sands of deeper water delta front. Sediments are of Upper Carboniferous or Namurian age. Top of cliff exposes well sorted and channeled sands of the delta front distributary mouth bars. In lower part of cliff are Tullig Formation rythmic silts and mud with some sands of deeper water delta front. Sediments are of Upper Carboniferous or Namurian age. Tullig Formation channel fill sands of Upper Carboniferous or Namurian age. Channeling and sorting of the quartz rich character of the sands of the delta front reflect waves impinging on the delta front sands that filled distributary channels and/or proximal bar sands. Below are deeper water rhythmic marine shales and silts (Andy Pulham personal communication and Martinsen et al., 2008). Tullig Formation channel fill sands of Upper Carboniferous or Namurian age. Channeling and sorting of the quartz rich character of the sands of the delta front reflect waves impinging on the delta front sands that filled distributary channels and/or proximal bar sands. Below are deeper water rhythmic marine shales and silts (Andy Pulham personal communication and Martinsen et al., 2008). Tullig Formation channel fill sands of Upper Carboniferous or Namurian aged channeling and sorting of the quartz rich character of the sands of the delta front reflect waves impinging on the delta front sands that filled distributary channels and/or proximal bar sands (Andy Pulham personal communication and Martinsen et al., 2008). Tullig Formation channel fill sands of Upper Carboniferous or Namurian age channeling and sorting of the quartz rich character of the sands of the delta front reflect waves impinging on the delta front sands that filled distributary channels and/or proximal bar sands (Andy Pulham personal communication and Martinsen et al., 2008). Tullig Formation channel fill sands of Upper Carboniferous or Namurian age. Channeling and sorting of the quartz rich character of the sands of the delta front reflect waves impinging on the delta front sands that filled distributary channels and/or proximal bar sands (Andy Pulham personal communication and Martinsen et al., 2008). Crest of cliff is exposure of Tullig Formation rhymically bedded silts and muds at and below wave base of Upper Carboniferous or Namurian age. Below are channelled and sorting of the quartz rich sands from the delta front, reflectingeffect of waves impinging on the delta front sands that filled distributary channels and/or proximal bar sands (Andy Pulham personal communication and Martinsen et al., 2008). Amphitheatre in cliff tops on south side of Trusklieve wave eroded cliff margined slot exposes Tullig Formation Upper Carboniferous or Namurian age delta front. Lower portion of amphitheatre cliffs are rhythmic alternations of silt, sand and mud that accumulated just above wave base. Top of cliff formed by channelled quartzose sands sorted by waves that impinged on the delta front and filled distributary channels and/or proximal bar sands (Andy Pulham personal communication and Martinsen et al., 2008). Amphitheatre in cliff tops on south side of Trusklieve slot exposes Tullig Formation Upper Carboniferous or Namurian age, delta front. Top of cliff the section is channelled and quartzose sands have been sorted by waves that impinged on the delta front and filled distributary channels and/or proximal bar sands (Andy Pulham personal communication and Martinsen et al., 2008). Amphitheatre in cliff tops on south side of Trusklieve slot exposes Tullig Formation Upper Carboniferous or Namurian age, delta front. Top of cliff the section is channelled and quartzose sands have been sorted by waves that impinged on the delta front and filled distributary channels and/or proximal bar sands (Andy Pulham personal communication and Martinsen et al., 2008). Amphitheatre in cliff tops on south side of Trusklieve slot exposes Tullig Formation Upper Carboniferous or Namurian age, delta front. Top of cliff the section is channelled and quartzose sands have been sorted by waves that impinged on the delta front and filled distributary channels and/or proximal bar sands (Andy Pulham personal communication and Martinsen et al., 2008). Amphitheatre in cliff tops on south side of Trusklieve wave eroded cliff margin slot exposes Tullig Formation Upper Carboniferous or Namurian age delta front. Lower portion of amphitheatre cliffs are rhythmic alternations of silt, sand and mud that accumulated just above wave base. Top of cliff formed by channelled quartzose sands sorted by waves that impinged on the delta front and filled distributary channels and/or proximal bar sands (Andy Pulham personal communication and Martinsen et al., 2008). Amphitheatre in cliff tops on south side of Trusklieve wave eroded cliff margined slot exposes Tullig Formation Upper Carboniferous or Namurian age delta front. Lower portion of amphitheatre cliffs are rhythmic alternations of silt, sand and mud that accumulated just above wave base. Top of cliff formed by channelled quartzose sands sorted by waves that impinged on the delta front and filled distributary channels and/or proximal bar sands (Andy Pulham personal communication and Martinsen et al., 2008). South side of amphitheatre in cliff tops on south side of Trusklieve wave eroded cliff margin slot exposes Tullig Formation Upper Carboniferous or Namurian age delta front. Lower portion of amphitheatre cliffs are rhythmic alternations of silt, sand and mud that accumulated just above wave base. Top of cliff formed by channelled quartzose sands sorted by waves that impinged on the delta front and filled distributary channels and/or proximal bar sands (Andy Pulham personal communication and Martinsen et al., 2008). Slumping and soft sedimentary deformation channel fill sands of Upper Carboniferous or Namurian aged sands (Andy Pulham personal communication and Martinsen et al., 2008). Located in the Trusklieve cliff top amphitheatre. Slumping and soft sedimentary deformation in sands below Tullig Formation delta front channel fill sands of Upper Carboniferous or Namurian aged sands (Andy Pulham personal communication and Martinsen et al., 2008). Below are climbing ripples and rhytnically silts and muds of deeper water that accumulated within wave base. Top of cliff are Tullig Formation channel fill sands of Upper Carboniferous or Namurian age that reflect the effect of waves impinging on the delta front sands (Andy Pulham personal communication and Martinsen et al., 2008). Below are rhythmic silts and muds in deeper water but within wave base. Channeled delta front facies whose channel floors are filled by a mix of coal and mud flakes eroded from the channel sides and underlying facies (Andy Pulham personal comunication & Martinsen et al., 2008). These Tullig Formation sediments are of Upper Carboniferous or Namurian age. Channeled delta front facies whose channel floors are filled by a mix of coal and mud flakes eroded from the channel sides and underlying facies (Andy Pulham personal comunication & Martinsen et al., 2008). These Tullig Formation sediments are of Upper Carboniferous or Namurian age. Coal fragments in eroded channel floor capped by well sorted quartz sand. Base of cliffed amphitheatre on south side of Trusklieve wave eroded cliff margin (Andy Pulham personal communication and Martinsen et al., 2008). Section part of Tullig Formation Upper Carboniferous or Namurian age delta front. Coal fragments in eroded channel floor capped by well sorted quartz sand. Base of cliffed amphitheatre on south side of Trusklieve wave eroded cliff margin (Andy Pulham personal communication and Martinsen et al., 2008). Section part of Tullig Formation Upper Carboniferous or Namurian age delta front. Alternations of silt, sand and mud with climbing ripples that accumulated just above wave base. Just above is the eroded base of channel with coal fragments. Location is base of cliffed amphitheatre on south side of Trusklieve wave eroded cliff margin (Andy Pulham personal communication and Martinsen et al., 2008). Section part of Tullig Formation Upper Carboniferous or Namurian age delta front. Alternations of silt, sand and mud with climbing ripples that accumulated just above wave base. Above is a channel eroded into the more distal delta front. Located at the base of cliffed amphitheatre on south side of Trusklieve wave eroded cliff margin (Andy Pulham personal communication and Martinsen et al., 2008). Section part of Tullig Formation Upper Carboniferous or Namurian age delta front. Alternations of silt, sand and mud with climbing ripples that accumulated just above wave base. Above is a channel eroded into the more distal delta front. Located at the base of cliffed amphitheatre on south side of Trusklieve wave eroded cliff margin (Andy Pulham personal communication and Martinsen et al., 2008). Section part of Tullig Formation Upper Carboniferous or Namurian age delta front. Bedding plane exhibiting flute casts in rhythmic alternations of silt, sand and mud with climbing ripples that accumulated just above wave base. Exposed ledge at base of cliffed amphitheatre on south side of Trusklieve wave eroded cliff margin (Andy Pulham personal communication and Martinsen et al., 2008). Section part of Tullig Formation Upper Carboniferous or Namurian age delta front. Bedding plane exhibiting flute casts in rhythmic alternations of silt, sand and mud with climbing ripples that accumulated just above wave base. Exposed ledge at base of cliffed amphitheatre on south side of Trusklieve wave eroded cliff margin (Andy Pulham personal communication and Martinsen et al., 2008). Section part of Tullig Formation Upper Carboniferous or Namurian age delta front. Base of cliffed amphitheatre on south side of Trusklieve wave eroded cliff margin slot exposes rhythmic alternations of silt, sand and mud that accumulated just above wave base (Andy Pulham personal communication and Martinsen et al., 2008). Section is portion of Tullig Formation Upper Carboniferous or Namurian age delta front. Alternations of silt, sand and mud with climbing ripples that accumulated just above wave base. Base of cliffed amphitheatre on south side of Trusklieve wave eroded cliff margin (Andy Pulham personal communication and Martinsen et al., 2008). Section part of Tullig Formation Upper Carboniferous or Namurian age delta front. Wave rippled bedding plane of silt, sand and mud that accumulated just above wave base. Above is a channel eroded into the more distal delta front. Located at the base of cliffed amphitheatre on south side of Trusklieve wave eroded cliff margin (Andy Pulham personal communication and Martinsen et al., 2008). Section part of Tullig Formation Upper Carboniferous or Namurian age delta front. Rippled surface of the channeled sands of Upper Carboniferous or Namurian age (Andy Pulham personal communication and Martinsen et al., 2008). Slope of Tullig Formation rythmic silts and mud with some sands which are of Upper Carboniferous or Namurian age. Crest of slope are well sorted and channeled sands of the delta front distributary mouth bars. Rhymically bedded silts and muds at and below wave base in the Tulllig Formation. Rhymically bedded silts and muds from at and below wave base in the Tulllig Formation. Slumped bedding in Tullig Formation interbedded silts and shales of delta front, Upper Carboniferous or Namurian aged Tullig Formation silts and mud. Climbing ripples in rythmic silts and mud interbeds interpreted to be a delta front within wave base (Andy Pulham personal comunication & Martinsen et al., 2008). Upper Carboniferous or Namurian aged Tullig Formation silts and mud. Climbing ripples in rythmic silts and mud interbeds interpreted to be a delta front within wave base (Andy Pulham personal comunication & Martinsen et al., 2008). Climbing ripples in what are interpreted to be delta front facies formed within wave base (Andy Pulham personal comunication & Martinsen et al., 2008). These Tullig Formation rythmic silts and mud with some sands are of Upper Carboniferous or Namurian age. Upper Carboniferous or Namurian aged Tullig Formation silts and mud. Climbing ripples in rythmic silts and mud interbeds interpreted to be a delta front within wave base (Andy Pulham personal comunication & Martinsen et al., 2008). Upper Carboniferous or Namurian aged Tullig Formation silts and mud. Climbing ripples in rythmic silts and mud interbeds interpreted to be a delta front within wave base (Andy Pulham personal comunication & Martinsen et al., 2008). Tullig Formation rythmic of silts and mud with climbing ripples. Depositional facies are interpreted to be probably within wave base (Andy Pulham personal communication and Martinsen et al., 2008). Upper Carboniferous or Namurian aged Tullig Formation silts and mud. Climbing ripples in rythmic silts and mud interbeds interpreted to be a delta front within wave base (Andy Pulham personal comunication & Martinsen et al., 2008). Climbing ripples in what are interpreted to be delta front facies formed within wave base (Andy Pulham personal comunication & Martinsen et al., 2008). These Tullig Formation rythmic silts and mud with some sands are of Upper Carboniferous or Namurian age. Upper Carboniferous or Namurian aged Tullig Formation silts and mud. Climbing ripples in rythmic silts and mud interbeds interpreted to be a delta front within wave base (Andy Pulham personal comunication & Martinsen et al., 2008). Upper Carboniferous or Namurian aged Tullig Formation silts and mud. Climbing ripples in rythmic silts and mud interbeds interpreted to be a delta front within wave base (Andy Pulham personal comunication & Martinsen et al., 2008). Upper Carboniferous or Namurian aged Tullig Formation silts and mud. Climbing ripples in rythmic silts and mud interbeds interpreted to be a delta front within wave base (Andy Pulham personal comunication & Martinsen et al., 2008). Upper Carboniferous or Namurian aged Tullig Formation silts and mud. Climbing ripples in rythmic silts and mud interbeds interpreted to be a delta front within wave base (Andy Pulham personal comunication & Martinsen et al., 2008). Alternations of silt, sand and mud with climbing ripples that accumulated just above wave base. Base of cliffed amphitheatre on south side of Trusklieve wave eroded cliff margin (Andy Pulham personal communication and Martinsen et al., 2008). Section part of Tullig Formation Upper Carboniferous or Namurian age delta front. Alternations of silt, sand and mud with climbing ripples that accumulated just above wave base. Base of cliffed amphitheatre on south side of Trusklieve wave eroded cliff margin (Andy Pulham personal communication and Martinsen et al., 2008). Section part of Tullig Formation Upper Carboniferous or Namurian age delta front. Alternations of silt, sand and mud with climbing ripples that accumulated just above wave base. Base of cliffed amphitheatre on south side of Trusklieve wave eroded cliff margin (Andy Pulham personal communication and Martinsen et al., 2008). Section part of Tullig Formation Upper Carboniferous or Namurian age delta front. Alternations of silt, sand and mud with climbing ripples that accumulated just above wave base. Base of cliffed amphitheatre on south side of Trusklieve wave eroded cliff margin (Andy Pulham personal communication and Martinsen et al., 2008). Section part of Tullig Formation Upper Carboniferous or Namurian age delta front. Alternations of silt, sand and mud with climbing ripples that accumulated just above wave base. Base of cliffed amphitheatre on south side of Trusklieve wave eroded cliff margin (Andy Pulham personal communication and Martinsen et al., 2008). Section part of Tullig Formation Upper Carboniferous or Namurian age delta front. Alternations of silt, sand and mud with climbing ripples that accumulated just above wave base. Base of cliffed amphitheatre on south side of Trusklieve wave eroded cliff margin (Andy Pulham personal communication and Martinsen et al., 2008). Section part of Tullig Formation Upper Carboniferous or Namurian age delta front. Alternations of silt, sand and mud with climbing ripples that accumulated just above wave base. Base of cliffed amphitheatre on south side of Trusklieve wave eroded cliff margin (Andy Pulham personal communication and Martinsen et al., 2008). Section part of Tullig Formation Upper Carboniferous or Namurian age delta front. Upper Carboniferous or Namurian aged Tullig Formation silts and mud. Climbing ripples in rythmic silts and mud interbeds interpreted to be a delta front within wave base (Andy Pulham personal comunication & Martinsen et al., 2008). Bedding plane of Tullig Formation climbing ripples in rythmic silts and mud interbeds interpreted to be a delta front within wave base (Andy Pulham personal comunication & Martinsen et al., 2008). Carboniferous or Namurian age. Ophimorpha on bedding plane of Tullig Formation channel fill sands of Upper Carboniferous or Namurian age. Ophimorpha on bedding plane in Tullig Formation below channel fill sands of Upper Carboniferous or Namurian age (Andy Pulham personal communication and Martinsen et al., 2008). Ophimorpha on bedding planes in Tullig Formation below channel fill sands of Upper Carboniferous or Namurian age (Andy Pulham personal communication and Martinsen et al., 2008). Ophimorpha on bedding planes in Tullig Formation below channel fill sands of Upper Carboniferous or Namurian age (Andy Pulham personal communication and Martinsen et al., 2008). Bedding plane of Tullig Formation ophimorpha in rythmic silts and mud interbeds interpreted to be a delta front within wave base (Andy Pulham personal comunication & Martinsen et al., 2008). Carboniferous or Namurian age. Slumped bedding in Tullig Formation interbedded silts and shales of delta front, Tullig Formation channel fill sands of Upper Carboniferous or Namurian age. Flute casting on bedding plane beneath the delta front sands filling distributary channels and/or proximal bar sands (Andy Pulham personal communication and Martinsen et al., 2008). Detail fo cross bedded sands of Tullig Formation of Upper Carboniferous or Namurian age. These are wave and current sorted delta front sands filling distributary channels and/or proximal bar sands (Andy Pulham personal communication and Martinsen et al., 2008). Top of cliff are cross bedded sands of Tullig Formation of Upper Carboniferous or Namurian age. These are wave and current sorted delta front sands filling distributary channels and/or proximal bar sands. Below are deeper water within wave base rhythmically bedded silts and muds (Andy Pulham personal communication and Martinsen et al., 2008). Tullig Formation laminar bedded sands of Upper Carboniferous or Namurian age and below are sand showing soft sediment deformation of marine bay fill, probably within wave base (Andy Pulham personal communication and Martinsen et al., 2008) . Tullig Formation laminar bedded sands of Upper Carboniferous or Namurian age and below are sand showing soft sediment deformation of marine bay fill, probably within wave base (Andy Pulham personal communication and Martinsen et al., 2008) . Climbing ripples exposed on bedding plane. Depositional facies interpreted to be delta front with the climbing ripple facies formed within wave base (Andy Pulham personal comunication & Martinsen et al., 2008). These Tullig Formation rythmic silts and mud with some sands are of Upper Carboniferous or Namurian age. Thicker bedded cross-bedded Tullig Formation sands sorted by waves impinging on the delta front sands that filled distributary channels and/or proximal bar sands (Andy Pulham personal communication and Martinsen et al., 2008). Upper Carboniferous or Namurian aged Tullig Formation rhythemic cycles of silts and mud. Depositional setting interpreted to be a delta front with the climbing ripple facies formed within wave base (Andy Pulham personal comunication & Martinsen et al., 2008). Upper Carboniferous or Namurian aged Tullig Formation silts and mud. Climbing ripples in rythmic silts and mud interbeds. Depositional setting interpreted to be a delta front with the climbing ripple facies formed within wave base (Andy Pulham personal comunication & Martinsen et al., 2008). Upper Carboniferous or Namurian aged Tullig Formation silts and mud. Climbing ripples in rythmic silts and mud interbeds. Depositional setting interpreted to be a delta front with the climbing ripple facies formed within wave base (Andy Pulham personal comunication & Martinsen et al., 2008). Goniatite Goniatite Tullig Formation channel fill sands of Upper Carboniferous or Namurian age channeling and sorting of the quartz rich character of the sands of the delta front reflect waves impinging on the delta front sands (Andy Pulham personal communication and Martinsen et al., 2008). Tullig Formation channel fill sands of Upper Carboniferous or Namurian age. Channeling and sorting of the quartz rich character of the sands of the delta front reflect waves impinging on the delta front sands that filled distributary channels and/or proximal bar sands (Andy Pulham personal communication and Martinsen et al., 2008). Tullig Formation channel fill sands of Upper Carboniferous or Namurian age channeling and sorting of the quartz rich character of the sands of the delta front reflect waves impinging on the delta front sands that filled distributary channels and/or proximal bar sands (Andy Pulham personal communication and Martinsen et al., 2008). Tullig Formation channel migration expressed by sorted quartz rich sands of Upper Carboniferous or Namurian age. These sands were sorted and winnowed by waves that impinged the delta front and filled distributary channels and/or proximal bar sands (Andy Pulham personal communication and Martinsen et al., 2008). Tullig Formation channel migration expressed by sorted quartz rich sands of Upper Carboniferous or Namurian age. These sands were sorted and winnowed by waves that impinged the delta front and filled distributary channels and/or proximal bar sands (Andy Pulham personal communication and Martinsen et al., 2008). Tullig Formation channel migration expressed by sorted quartz rich sands of Upper Carboniferous or Namurian age. These sands were sorted and winnowed by waves that impinged the delta front and filled distributary channels and/or proximal bar sands (Andy Pulham personal communication and Martinsen et al., 2008).

Trusklieve, Co Clare - Deepwater Tullig Formation
 
 These outcrops of Upper Carboniferous (Namurian) sediments form the Atlantic shore with the cliffs of Trusklieve in Co Clare. These cliffs are around 45-50 m. high and expose the seaward edge of a deltaic system represented by the Upper Carboniferous, or Namurian, Tullig Formation Cyclothems. The mixed marine and fluvial character of these outcrops is established by the mixed marine and fluvial sediments exposed at Trusklieve. The channeling and sorting of the quartz rich character of the sands of the delta front are a response to waves impinging on the distributary bars channels dissecting the  delta front sands and/or proximal bar sands (Andy Pulham personal communication and Martinsen et al., 2008). Offshore silty shales occur in the sections as do Goniatites within condensed sections.

 Some of the descriptions in the galleries of the images of these outcrops are based on the 2008 SEPM Field Guide (Martinsen et al., 2008), as are also the explanations of the accumulation of these sediments given by Andy Pulham when he led this field trip to this locality and the rocks exposed at Tullig Point.

Photos by Christopher Kendall and Peter Haugton.

Sections from Trusklieve and Tullig Point enable the comparison of the lateral contrast in the parasequnces in the delta front/prograding lowstand wedge, the inception of storm wave base in the prograding delta front from the underlying slope system and the sharp-based unit at 110m that is interpreted as a forced regression involving distributary mouth bar facies.
Key points Any Pulham made are:
Useful References
Brennand, R. P., 1965, The Upper Carboniferous (Namurian) stratigraphy north-east of Castle island, County Kerry, Ireland: Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy, v. 64, sect. B, p. 41-63.

Collinson, J.D., Martinsen, O. Bakken, B. and Kloster, A. (1991), Early fill of the western Irish Namurian Basin: a complex relationship between turbidites and deltas. Basin Research, 3, 223-242.

Gill, W. D., and Kuenen, P. H. 1958, Syndepositional sliding and slumping in the West Clare Namurian Basin, Ireland. Geol. Surv. Irel., Spec. Pub. 4, 1-121.

Lien, T., R. G. Walker, and O. J. Martinsen, 2003, Turbidites in the Upper Carboniferous Ross Formation, western Ireland: reconstruction of a channel and spillover system: Sedimentology, v. 50, p. 113-148.

Martinsen, O.J. (1989), Styles of soft sediment deformation on a Namurian (Carboniferous) delta slope, western Ireland Namurian Basin, Ireland. In Whatley, M.K.G. & Pickering, K.T. (eds) Deltas: sites and traps for fossil fuels, Geological Society Special Publication, 41, 167-177.

Martinsen, O.J. & Bakken, B. (1990), Extensional and compressional zones in slumps and slides in the Namurian of County Clare, Ireland. Journal of the Geological Society, 147, 153-164.

Martinsen, O. J., T. Lien, and R. G. Walker, 2000, Upper Carboniferous deep water sediments, western Ireland: analogues for passive margin turbidite plays; in P. Weimer, R. M. Slatt, J. Coleman, N. C. Rossen, H. Nelson, A. H. Bouma, M. J. Styzen, and D. T. Lawrence, eds., Deep-water reservoirs of the world, Gulf Coast Section-SEPM Special Publication, p. 533-555.

Martinsen, O. J., and J. D. Collinson, 2002, The Western Irish Namurian Basin reassessed—a discussion: Basin Research, v. 14, p. 523-542.

Martinsen, O. J., T. Lien, R. G. Walker, and J. D. Collinson, 2003, Facies and sequential organization of a mudstone-dominated slope and basin floor succession: the Gull Island Formation, Shannon Basin, western Ireland: Marine and Petroleum Geology, v. 20, p. 789-807

Martinsen O., Sullivan M., Pulham A., Haughton P., Harper H., and Elliot T., 2008, Outcrops Revitalized; Tool, Techniques and Applications Kilkee, County Clare, Ireland June 22-27, 2008 Field Guide SEPM Research Conference pp 53

Pulham, A.J. (1987), Depositional and syn-sedimentary deformation processes in Namurian deltaic sequences of west County Clare, Ireland. Unpublished PhD thesis, University of Wales, Swansea.

Pulham, A.J. (1989), Controls on internal structure and architecture of sandstone bodies within Upper carboniferous fluvial-dominated deltas, County Clare, western Ireland. In Whatley, M.K.G. & Pickering, K.T. (eds) Deltas: sites and traps for fossil fuels, Geological Society Special Publication, 41, 179-203.

Ramsbottom, W. H. C., M. Calver, R. M. C. Eagar, F. Hodson, D. W. Holliday, C. J. Stubblefield, and R. B. Wilson, 1978, A correlation of Silesian Rocks in the British Isles: Special Report of the Geological Society of London, no. 10, 81 p.

Rider, M.H. (1969), Sedimentological studies in the West Clare Namurian Basin, Ireland and the Mississippi Delta. Unpublished PhD thesis, Imperial College London.

Rider, M.H. (1974), The Namurian of West County Clare. Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy, 74B, 125-142.

Rider, M.H. (1978), Growth faults in the Carboniferous of western Ireland. Bulletin of the American Association of Petroleum Geologists, 62, 2191-2213.
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